Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and male reproductive function in young adulthood; a cross-sectional study
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Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large family of persistent industrial chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties. Objectives: To examine biomarkers of reproductive function in young adult males according to current environmental exposure to single and combined PFAS. Methods: The study population consisted of young men (n = 1041, age 18–21) from the Fetal Programming of Semen Quality (FEPOS) cohort. These men were recruited from pregnancies included in the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) between 1996 and 2002. From 2017 to 2019, participants answered an online questionnaire, completed a clinical examination and provided a blood and a semen sample. Exposure to 15 PFAS was measured in plasma. Six compounds were quantified above the limit of detection in at least 80% of the participants. We applied negative binomial regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models to assess associations between single and combined exposure to PFAS and measures of semen quality, testicular volume and reproductive hormones among the young men. Results: We found no consistent associations between plasma concentrations of PFAS, semen quality and testicular volume. Higher levels of single and combined PFAS were associated with slightly higher levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (WQS 4% difference, 95% confidence interval: 0, 9). Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was the main contributor to this finding with positive signals also from perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). Discussion: We examined exposure to a range of common PFAS in relation to biomarkers of male reproductive function and found an association with higher levels of FSH among young men from the general population in Denmark. Further studies on especially combined exposure to PFAS are needed to expand our understanding of potential endocrine disruption from both legacy and emerging compounds in relation to male reproductive function.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Artikelnummer | 113157 |
| Tidsskrift | Environmental Research |
| Vol/bind | 212 |
| ISSN | 0013-9351 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2022 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
This study is a product of the ReproUnion collaboration, co-financed by the European Union , Interreg Öresund-Kattegat-Skagerrak, the Capital Region of Denmark, Region Skåne and Ferring Pharmaceuticals. In addition, the FEPOS project was funded by the Lundbeck Foundation , Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Helsefonden, the Doctor Sofus Carl Emil Friis and Wife Olga Doris Friis Grant, Axel Muusfeldt's Foundation and the A.P. Møller Foundation. The Focused Research Effort on Chemicals in the Working Environment (FFIKA) from the Danish Government supported the contribution from Karin Sørig Hougaard. The funding sources had no role in designing the study, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, writing of the manuscript and decisions to submit this for publication.
Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank all participants in the study in addition to the medical laboratory technicians, Marianne Lipka Flensborg and Joan Dideriksen, for managing the study clinics and collection of data. In addition, we want to thank Anna Rönnholm, Marie Bengtsson and Åsa Amilon at the Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine at Lund University, Sweden, for performing the PFAS analyses. Finally, we thank Cecilia Tingsmark for performing all semen morphology analyses, and Lone Fredslund and Inge Eisensee for data management. The Danish National Birth Cohort was established with a significant grant from the Danish National Research Foundation and additional support from the Danish Regional Committees, the Pharmacy Foundation, the Egmont Foundation , the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, Helsefonden and other minor grants. Further, this research has been conducted using the Danish National Biobank resource, supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation , grant number 2010-11-12 and 2009-07-28 .
Funding Information:
This study is a product of the ReproUnion collaboration, co-financed by the European Union, Interreg ?resund-Kattegat-Skagerrak, the Capital Region of Denmark, Region Sk?ne and Ferring Pharmaceuticals. In addition, the FEPOS project was funded by the Lundbeck Foundation, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Helsefonden, the Doctor Sofus Carl Emil Friis and Wife Olga Doris Friis Grant, Axel Muusfeldt's Foundation and the A.P. M?ller Foundation. The Focused Research Effort on Chemicals in the Working Environment (FFIKA) from the Danish Government supported the contribution from Karin S?rig Hougaard. The funding sources had no role in designing the study, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, writing of the manuscript and decisions to submit this for publication.The authors wish to thank all participants in the study in addition to the medical laboratory technicians, Marianne Lipka Flensborg and Joan Dideriksen, for managing the study clinics and collection of data. In addition, we want to thank Anna R?nnholm, Marie Bengtsson and ?sa Amilon at the Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine at Lund University, Sweden, for performing the PFAS analyses. Finally, we thank Cecilia Tingsmark for performing all semen morphology analyses, and Lone Fredslund and Inge Eisensee for data management. The Danish National Birth Cohort was established with a significant grant from the Danish National Research Foundation and additional support from the Danish Regional Committees, the Pharmacy Foundation, the Egmont Foundation, the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, Helsefonden and other minor grants. Further, this research has been conducted using the Danish National Biobank resource, supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation, grant number 2010-11-12 and 2009-07-28.
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© 2022 The Authors
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