TY - JOUR

T1 - Dietary intake of dicarbonyl compounds and changes in body weight over time in a large cohort of European adults

AU - Debras, Charlotte

AU - Cordova, Reynalda

AU - Mayén, Ana-Lucia

AU - Maasen, Kim

AU - Knaze, Viktoria

AU - Eussen, Simone J P M

AU - Schalkwijk, Casper G

AU - Huybrechts, Inge

AU - Tjønneland, Anne

AU - Halkjær, Jytte

AU - Katzke, Verena

AU - Bajracharya, Rashmita

AU - Schulze, Matthias B

AU - Masala, Giovanna

AU - Pala, Valeria

AU - Pasanisi, Fabrizio

AU - Macciotta, Alessandra

AU - Petrova, Dafina

AU - Castañeda, Jazmin

AU - Santiuste, Carmen

AU - Amiano, Pilar

AU - Moreno-Iribas, Conchi

AU - Borné, Yan

AU - Sonestedt, Emily

AU - Johansson, Ingegerd

AU - Esberg, Anders

AU - Aglago, Elom Kouassivi

AU - Jenab, Mazda

AU - Freisling, Heinz

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - Dicarbonyl compounds are highly reactive precursors of advanced glycation end products (AGE), produced endogenously, present in certain foods and formed during food processing. AGE contribute to the development of adverse metabolic outcomes, but health effects of dietary dicarbonyls are largely unexplored. We investigated associations between three dietary dicarbonyl compounds, methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), and body weight changes in European adults. Dicarbonyl intakes were estimated using food composition database from 263 095 European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of Smoking, Eating Out of Home in Relation to Anthropometry participants with two body weight assessments (median follow-up time = 5·4 years). Associations between dicarbonyls and 5-year body-weight changes were estimated using mixed linear regression models. Stratified analyses by sex, age and baseline BMI were performed. Risk of becoming overweight/obese was assessed using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression. MGO intake was associated with 5-year body-weight gain of 0·089 kg (per 1-sd increase, 95 % CI 0·072, 0·107). 3-DG was inversely associated with body-weight change (-0·076 kg, -0·094, -0·058). No significant association was observed for GO (0·018 kg, -0·002, 0·037). In stratified analyses, GO was associated with body-weight gain among women and older participants (above median of 52·4 years). MGO was associated with higher body-weight gain among older participants. 3-DG was inversely associated with body-weight gain among younger and normal-weight participants. MGO was associated with a higher risk of becoming overweight/obese, while inverse associations were observed for 3-DG. No associations were observed for GO with overweight/obesity. Dietary dicarbonyls are inconsistently associated with body weight change among European adults. Further research is needed to clarify the role of these food components in overweight and obesity, their underlying mechanisms and potential public health implications.

AB - Dicarbonyl compounds are highly reactive precursors of advanced glycation end products (AGE), produced endogenously, present in certain foods and formed during food processing. AGE contribute to the development of adverse metabolic outcomes, but health effects of dietary dicarbonyls are largely unexplored. We investigated associations between three dietary dicarbonyl compounds, methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), and body weight changes in European adults. Dicarbonyl intakes were estimated using food composition database from 263 095 European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of Smoking, Eating Out of Home in Relation to Anthropometry participants with two body weight assessments (median follow-up time = 5·4 years). Associations between dicarbonyls and 5-year body-weight changes were estimated using mixed linear regression models. Stratified analyses by sex, age and baseline BMI were performed. Risk of becoming overweight/obese was assessed using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression. MGO intake was associated with 5-year body-weight gain of 0·089 kg (per 1-sd increase, 95 % CI 0·072, 0·107). 3-DG was inversely associated with body-weight change (-0·076 kg, -0·094, -0·058). No significant association was observed for GO (0·018 kg, -0·002, 0·037). In stratified analyses, GO was associated with body-weight gain among women and older participants (above median of 52·4 years). MGO was associated with higher body-weight gain among older participants. 3-DG was inversely associated with body-weight gain among younger and normal-weight participants. MGO was associated with a higher risk of becoming overweight/obese, while inverse associations were observed for 3-DG. No associations were observed for GO with overweight/obesity. Dietary dicarbonyls are inconsistently associated with body weight change among European adults. Further research is needed to clarify the role of these food components in overweight and obesity, their underlying mechanisms and potential public health implications.

U2 - 10.1017/S0007114524000503

DO - 10.1017/S0007114524000503

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 38383991

JO - British Journal of Nutrition

JF - British Journal of Nutrition

SN - 0007-1145

ER -