The Danish healthcare system offers free and equal access to healthcare, including free preventive maternity care and birth assistance. Nevertheless, in Denmark, women of low socioeconomic status, especially women with a low level of education, have an increased risk of obstetric complications including low birth weight, preterm birth, stillbirth and congenital malformations. Smoking is a significant mediator but cannot alone explain the associations. Inadequate health literacy is probably an influencing factor. Individualised care is offered in Denmark, but the effect has not yet been analysed.