National and sub-national exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its attributable burden of disease in Iran from 1990 to 2016
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National and sub-national exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its attributable burden of disease in Iran from 1990 to 2016. / Shamsipour, Mansour; Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh; Gohari, Kimiya; Yunesian, Masud; Fotouhi, Akbar; Naddafi, Kazem; Sheidaei, Ali; Faridi, Sasan; Akhlaghi, Ali Asghar; Rabiei, Katayoun; Mehdipour, Parinaz; Mahdavi, Mokhtar; Amini, Heresh; Farzadfar, Farshad.
I: Environmental Pollution, Bind 255, Nr. Part 1, 113173, 2019.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - National and sub-national exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its attributable burden of disease in Iran from 1990 to 2016
AU - Shamsipour, Mansour
AU - Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh
AU - Gohari, Kimiya
AU - Yunesian, Masud
AU - Fotouhi, Akbar
AU - Naddafi, Kazem
AU - Sheidaei, Ali
AU - Faridi, Sasan
AU - Akhlaghi, Ali Asghar
AU - Rabiei, Katayoun
AU - Mehdipour, Parinaz
AU - Mahdavi, Mokhtar
AU - Amini, Heresh
AU - Farzadfar, Farshad
N1 - Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Ambient particulate matter is a public health concern. We aimed (1) to estimate national and provincial long-term exposure of Iranians to ambient particulate matter (PM) < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) from 1990 to 2016, and (2) to estimate the national and provincial burden of disease attributable to PM2.5 in Iran. We used all available ground measurements of PM < 10 μm (PM10) (used to estimate PM2.5) from 91 monitoring stations. We estimated the annual mean exposure to PM2.5 for all Iranian population from 1990 to 2016 through a multi-stage modeling process. By applying comparative risk assessment methodology and using life table for years of life lost (YLL), we estimated the mortality and YLL attributable to PM2.5 for five outcomes. The predicted provincial annual mean PM2.5 concentrations range was between 21.7 μg/m3 (UI: 19.03-24.9) and 35.4 μg/m3 (UI: 31.4-39.4) from 1990 to 2016. We estimated in 2016, about 41,000 deaths (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35634, 47014) and about 3,000,000 YLL (95% UI: 2632101, 3389342) attributable to the long-term exposure to PM2.5 in Iran. Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of mortality by 31,363 deaths (95% UI: 27520, 35258), followed by stroke (7012 (5999, 8062) deaths), lower respiratory infection (1210 (912, 1519) deaths), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1019 (715, 1328) deaths), and lung cancer (668 (489, 848) deaths). In 2016, about 43% of all PM2.5 related mortality in Iran was, respectively, in the following provinces: Tehran (12.6%), Isfahan (9.3%), Khorasan Razavi (8.0%), Fars (6.5%), and Khozestan (6.4%). In summary, we found that the majority of Iranians were exposed to the levels of ambient particulate matter exceeding the WHO guidelines from 1990 to 2016. Further, we found that there was an increasing trend of total mortality attributed to PM2.5 in Iran from 1990 to 2016 where the slope was higher in western provinces.
AB - Ambient particulate matter is a public health concern. We aimed (1) to estimate national and provincial long-term exposure of Iranians to ambient particulate matter (PM) < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) from 1990 to 2016, and (2) to estimate the national and provincial burden of disease attributable to PM2.5 in Iran. We used all available ground measurements of PM < 10 μm (PM10) (used to estimate PM2.5) from 91 monitoring stations. We estimated the annual mean exposure to PM2.5 for all Iranian population from 1990 to 2016 through a multi-stage modeling process. By applying comparative risk assessment methodology and using life table for years of life lost (YLL), we estimated the mortality and YLL attributable to PM2.5 for five outcomes. The predicted provincial annual mean PM2.5 concentrations range was between 21.7 μg/m3 (UI: 19.03-24.9) and 35.4 μg/m3 (UI: 31.4-39.4) from 1990 to 2016. We estimated in 2016, about 41,000 deaths (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35634, 47014) and about 3,000,000 YLL (95% UI: 2632101, 3389342) attributable to the long-term exposure to PM2.5 in Iran. Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of mortality by 31,363 deaths (95% UI: 27520, 35258), followed by stroke (7012 (5999, 8062) deaths), lower respiratory infection (1210 (912, 1519) deaths), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1019 (715, 1328) deaths), and lung cancer (668 (489, 848) deaths). In 2016, about 43% of all PM2.5 related mortality in Iran was, respectively, in the following provinces: Tehran (12.6%), Isfahan (9.3%), Khorasan Razavi (8.0%), Fars (6.5%), and Khozestan (6.4%). In summary, we found that the majority of Iranians were exposed to the levels of ambient particulate matter exceeding the WHO guidelines from 1990 to 2016. Further, we found that there was an increasing trend of total mortality attributed to PM2.5 in Iran from 1990 to 2016 where the slope was higher in western provinces.
U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113173
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113173
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 31521993
VL - 255
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
SN - 0269-7491
IS - Part 1
M1 - 113173
ER -
ID: 228257398