Differential antibody responses to gliadin-derived indigestible peptides in patients with schizophrenia
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Differential antibody responses to gliadin-derived indigestible peptides in patients with schizophrenia. / McLean, R T; Wilson, Philip; St Clair, D; Mustard, C J; Wei, J.
I: Translational Psychiatry, Bind 7, Nr. 5, e1121, 2017.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Differential antibody responses to gliadin-derived indigestible peptides in patients with schizophrenia
AU - McLean, R T
AU - Wilson, Philip
AU - St Clair, D
AU - Mustard, C J
AU - Wei, J
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Gluten consumption has previously been implicated in the development of schizophrenia while an immunological link between gluten and schizophrenia was established by the detection of circulating antibodies against gliadin, a major component of wheat gluten. Several studies have reported an increase in circulating antibodies against native gliadin molecules that are unlikely to survive degradation in the digestive system. In this study, therefore, we measured plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies against indigestible gliadin-derived peptide antigens using an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) among 169 patients with schizophrenia and 236 control subjects. We also examined the plasma levels of IgG and IgA antibodies against the mixture of native gliadins using commercially available ELISA kits. The results showed that patients with schizophrenia had the increased levels of plasma IgG against the γ-gliadin-derived fragment, namely AAQ6C, but decreased levels of plasma IgG against the α- and γ3-gliadin-derived antigens, as compared with control subjects. This study also demonstrated a uniform decrease in plasma IgA antibodies against gliadin-derived antigens. There was no significant difference in the levels of plasma antibodies against native gliadins between the patient group and the control group. Of eight gliadin-derived antigens tested, four showed a sensitivity of >20% against the specificity of ⩾95% for detection of their corresponding antibodies in plasma. These four tests may thus have a potential to serve as biomarkers for the identification of schizophrenia subgroups that may need an alternative therapy or precision treatment. Further investigation with clinical trials should be carried out to explore this possibility.
AB - Gluten consumption has previously been implicated in the development of schizophrenia while an immunological link between gluten and schizophrenia was established by the detection of circulating antibodies against gliadin, a major component of wheat gluten. Several studies have reported an increase in circulating antibodies against native gliadin molecules that are unlikely to survive degradation in the digestive system. In this study, therefore, we measured plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies against indigestible gliadin-derived peptide antigens using an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) among 169 patients with schizophrenia and 236 control subjects. We also examined the plasma levels of IgG and IgA antibodies against the mixture of native gliadins using commercially available ELISA kits. The results showed that patients with schizophrenia had the increased levels of plasma IgG against the γ-gliadin-derived fragment, namely AAQ6C, but decreased levels of plasma IgG against the α- and γ3-gliadin-derived antigens, as compared with control subjects. This study also demonstrated a uniform decrease in plasma IgA antibodies against gliadin-derived antigens. There was no significant difference in the levels of plasma antibodies against native gliadins between the patient group and the control group. Of eight gliadin-derived antigens tested, four showed a sensitivity of >20% against the specificity of ⩾95% for detection of their corresponding antibodies in plasma. These four tests may thus have a potential to serve as biomarkers for the identification of schizophrenia subgroups that may need an alternative therapy or precision treatment. Further investigation with clinical trials should be carried out to explore this possibility.
KW - Adult
KW - Antibody Formation/drug effects
KW - Antigens
KW - Autoantibodies/drug effects
KW - Biomarkers/blood
KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods
KW - Female
KW - Gliadin/immunology
KW - Glutens/adverse effects
KW - Humans
KW - Immunoglobulin A/blood
KW - Immunoglobulin G/blood
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Peptides/immunology
KW - Schizophrenia/blood
U2 - 10.1038/tp.2017.89
DO - 10.1038/tp.2017.89
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 28485731
VL - 7
JO - Translational Psychiatry
JF - Translational Psychiatry
SN - 2158-3188
IS - 5
M1 - e1121
ER -
ID: 217945347